Experiência de monitoramento terapêutico da vancomicina em pacientes com e sem hemodiálise em um hospital de médio porte no Sul do Brasil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17058/reci.v16i.20618Palavras-chave:
Diálise renal, Índice terapêutico, Medicamento, VancomicinaResumo
Justificativa e Objetivos: A vancomicina é um antibiótico glicopeptídico amplamente utilizado em ambientes hospitalares para o tratamento de infecções graves causadas por bactérias Gram-positivas resistentes, especialmente Staphylococcus aureus resistente à meticilina (MRSA). Devido à sua estreita janela terapêutica e à elevada variabilidade farmacocinética interindividual, o monitoramento terapêutico de fármacos (MTF) é essencial para garantir eficácia e segurança. Avaliar as práticas locais de MTF da vancomicina em um hospital de médio porte do sul do Brasil, comparando pacientes com e sem necessidade de hemodiálise e identificando falhas na obtenção de níveis terapêuticos. Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo realizado entre outubro de 2023 e outubro de 2024, envolvendo pacientes adultos internados e tratados com vancomicina. Os participantes foram categorizados em quatro grupos conforme o status dialítico e a realização do MTF. Resultados: Foram incluídos 33 pacientes, dos quais 19 realizaram MTF; apenas seis atingiram concentrações terapêuticas (15–20 mg/L) em algum momento do tratamento. Todos os pacientes do grupo hemodiálise com monitoramento (HDV) apresentaram níveis supraterapêuticos na primeira mensuração (média: 33,7 mg/L), revelando falhas críticas nas estratégias empíricas de dosagem. No grupo sem diálise com monitoramento (NDV), observou-se elevada variabilidade nas concentrações iniciais (média: 26,3 mg/L; CV: 40%), e poucos alcançaram a exposição ideal. Conclusão: Os resultados evidenciam deficiências no manejo da vancomicina, especialmente pela dependência de dosagens empíricas e do monitoramento baseado apenas em concentrações de vale. A implementação de fluxos estruturados de MTF, conduzidos por farmacêuticos clínicos e baseados em AUC/MIC, integrados ao prontuário eletrônico, é fundamental para otimizar a terapia e reduzir a toxicidade.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Guilherme Raimundo, Helena Cimahosti, José Elias Amaral

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