Resistencia a los antimicrobianos: perfil epidemiológico de la ciudad de Porto Alegre en 2021-2022
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17058/reci.v15i4.20267Palabras clave:
Vigilancia en Salud Pública, Resistencia a Medicamentos, Carbapenêmicos, Farmacorresistencia Microbiana a MedicamentosResumen
Justificación y Objetivos: La vigilancia de los microorganismos multirresistentes es esencial para el control de la propagación de estas cepas en los servicios de salud. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo describir las principales características epidemiológicas de los microorganismos multirresistentes identificados y notificados en Porto Alegre en los años 2021 y 2022. Métodos: Se trata de un estudio epidemiológico cuantitativo y descriptivo, basado en el análisis de datos secundarios provenientes de la Secretaría Municipal de Salud de Porto Alegre. Resultados: En el período analizado, se identificaron 15.016 microorganismos multirresistentes. Las Enterobacterales siguieron siendo los principales microorganismos notificados. Se observó un aumento en el número de notificaciones en los años 2021 y 2022, asociado al fortalecimiento y a la cualificación del proceso de vigilancia en el municipio. Conclusión: El aumento significativo de las notificaciones puede estar relacionado con la mejora de la vigilancia epidemiológica, lo que refleja una mayor cualificación en el monitoreo y la detección de los microorganismos multirresistentes en Porto Alegre.
Descargas
Referencias
1.Silva JO, Paixão JA. Resistência bacteriana e a atuação do farmacêutico na promoção do uso racional de antibacterianos em âmbito hospitalar. Artigos.Com. 2021;29(8):1-7. https://acervomais.com.br/index.php/artigos/article/view/7563.
2.Fio FS, Mattos Filho TR, Groppo FC. Resistência bacteriana. Bras Med. 2000;57(10):1129-40. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/257645108_Resistencia_Bacteriana.
3.Nathwani D, Della V, Stephens J, et al. Value of hospital antimicrobial stewardship programs [ASPs]: a systematic review. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control. 2019;8(1):333-45. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13756-019-0471-0.
4.Bokhary H, Pangesti KNA, Rashid H, et al. Travel-Related Antimicrobial Resistance: a systematic review. Trop Med Infect Dis. 2021;6(1):11. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed6010011.
5.Loureiro RJ, Roque F, Rodrigues AT, et al. O uso de antibióticos e as resistências bacterianas: breves notas sobre a sua evolução. Rev Port Saúde Pública. 2016;34(1):77-84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rpsp.2015.11.003.
6.Kosiyaporn H, Chancatik S, Issaramalai T, et al. Surveys of knowledge and awareness of antibiotic use and antimicrobial resistance in general population: a systematic review. PLoS One. 2020;15(1):73-83. http://dx.doi.org 10.1371/journal.pone.0227973
7.Murray CJL, et al. Global burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance in 2019: a systematic analysis. Lancet. 2022;399(10325):629-55. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0140673621027240.
8.Porto Alegre, Secretaria Municipal de Saúde. Boletim CMCIH: coordenação municipal de controle de infecção hospitalar. Coordenação Municipal de Controle de Infecção Hospitalar. Porto Alegre: Secretaria Municipal de Saúde; 2019. http://lproweb.procempa.com.br/pmpa/prefpoa/cgvs/usu_doc/cmcih_7.pdf.
9.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE) Basics. 2024. https://www.cdc.gov/vre/about/index.html.
10.Massignam ET. Infecções relacionadas à assistência à saúde e microrganismos multirresistentes notificados por hospitais de Porto Alegre/RS: uma análise de perfil e comparação histórica [monografia]. Porto Alegre (RS): Escola de Saúde Pública do Rio Grande do Sul; 2023.
11.Gebremeskel L, Teklu T, Kasahun GG, et al. Antimicrobial resistance pattern of Klebsiella isolated from various clinical samples in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Infect Dis. 2023;23(1):40-52. https://bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12879-023-08633-x#citeas.
12. Han R, Shi Q, Wu S, et al. Dissemination of Carbapenemases (KPC, NDM, OXA-48, IMP, and VIM) Among Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Isolated From Adult and Children Patients in China. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2020;10:314-22. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7347961/pdf/fcimb-10-00314.pdf.
13. Pal C, Bengtsson-Palme J, Kristiansson E, Larsson DGJ. Co-selection of multi-antibiotic resistance in bacterial pathogens in metal and microplastic contaminated environments: An emerging health threat. Chemosphere. 2019 Jan;215:846-857. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.10.114.
14.Lupo A, Haenni M, Madec JY. Antimicrobial Resistance in Acinetobacter spp. and Pseudomonas spp. Microbiol Spectr. 2018;6(3):1-16. https://journals.asm.org/doi/epdf/10.1128/microbiolspec.arba-0007-2017.
15.Jurado-Martín I, Sainz-Mejías M, McClean S. Pseudomonas aeruginosa: an audacious pathogen with an adaptable arsenal of virulence factors. Int J Mol Sci. 2021;3128(22):315-40.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8003266/pdf/ijms-22-03128.pdf.
16. Ciapponi A, Bardach A, Sandoval MM, et al. Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Deaths Attributable to Antimicrobial Resistance, Latin America. Emerg Infect Dis. 2023 Nov;29(11):51-83. doi: 10.3201/eid2911.230753.
17. Jean SS, Harnod D, Hsueh PR. Global Threat of Carbapenem-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2022 Mar 15;12:327-45. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.823684.
18. Młynarczyk-Bonikowska B, Majewska A, Malejczyk M, Młynarczyk G, Majewski S. Multiresistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae: a new threat in second decade of the XXI century. Med Microbiol Immunol. 2019 Dec 4;209(2):95-108. doi: 10.1007/s00430-019-00651-4.
19. Gao H, Liu Y, Wang R, Wang Q, Jin L, Wang H. The transferability and evolution of NDM-1 and KPC-2 co-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae from clinical settings. EBioMedicine. 2020 Jan;51:102-30. doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.102599.
20. Camargo CH, Yamada AY, Souza AR, et al. Current status of NDM-producing Enterobacterales in Brazil: a narrative review. Braz J Microbiol. 2022 Jun 11;53(3):1339-44. doi: 10.1007/s42770-022-00779-1.
21. Simjee S, Mcderrmott P, Trott DJ, Chuanchuen R. Present and Future Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance in Animals: principles and practices. Microbiol Spectr. 2018 Jul 27;6(4):117-30. doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.arba-0028-2017.
22. Wyres KL, Hawkey J, Mirceta M, et al. Genomic surveillance of antimicrobial resistant bacterial colonisation and infection in intensive care patients. BMC Infect Dis. 2021 Jul 14;21(1):210-21. doi: 10.1186/s12879-021-06386-z.
23. Brasil. Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária. Prevenção de infecções por microrganismos multirresistentes em serviços de saúde. 1ª ed. Brasília: Anvisa; 2021. 104p. https://www.gov.br/anvisa/pt-br/assuntos/noticias-anvisa/2021/anvisa-publica-manual-sobre-microrganismos-multirresistentes.
Descargas
Publicado
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2026 Danilo Lucas Nunes Ribeiro, Silvia Adriana Mayer Lentz, Raquel Cristine Barcella
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
The author must state that the paper is original (has not been published previously), not infringing any copyright or other ownership right involving third parties. Once the paper is submitted, the Journal reserves the right to make normative changes, such as spelling and grammar, in order to maintain the language standard, but respecting the author’s style. The published papers become ownership of RECI, considering that all the opinions expressed by the authors are their responsibility. Because we are an open access journal, we allow free use of articles in educational and scientific applications provided the source is cited under the Creative Commons CC-BY license.
