Epidemiological profile of tuberculosis in Uberaba, a priority municipality in Minas Gerais, 2013 to 2023
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17058/reci.v15i3.19956Keywords:
Tuberculosis, Epidemiology, Public health.Abstract
Background and Objectives: Tuberculosis is an infectious disease and presents risk factors linked to social and behavioral issues, as well as comorbidities. This study aimed to evaluate tuberculosis cases reported in Uberaba/MG between 2013 and 2023. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the Notifiable Diseases Information System regarding the notified cases of tuberculosis in the city of Uberaba, over a 10-year period (2013-2023). Results: During the evaluation period, 931 cases of tuberculosis were notified in Uberaba, with an average incidence of 25.6 cases/100,00 inhabitants. The majority of the cases were recorded in men (74.2%), aged between 25 and 44 years (48.3%), with elementary or high school education (complete or incomplete) (61.6%). In terms of social factors, 9.8% of tuberculosis cases were associated with individuals deprived of liberty and 5.4% of the patients were homeless. Regarding comorbidities, 20.1% of the patients with tuberculosis were co-infected with HIV, 32.1% were alcoholics, 7.5% were diabetic and 27.5% used illicit drugs. Laboratory confirmation of the disease occurred in 60.9% of the cases. The most common form of tuberculosis diagnosed was pulmonary (77.1%); pleural tuberculosis was the most common extrapulmonary form of the disease (36.6%). The majority of cases were classified as new cases (81.8%) with the most common outcomes being cure (55.4%), loss to follow-up (14.9%), and death from tuberculosis (10.6%). Conclusion: The results highlight well-defined sociodemographic characteristics among tuberculosis patients, such as adult males with low education level, comorbidities, and engaging in risky behaviors.
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