Retrospective study of the impact of KPC and NDM genes on multidrug-resistant infections: in a reference hospital in Piauí, Brazil.

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17058/reci.v15i4.19939

Keywords:

Antibiotic resistance, Resistance genes, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Outcome Assessment, Health Care

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC) and New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase (NDM) carbapenemases confer resistance to last-line antibiotics, compromising treatment and worsening clinical outcomes. This retrospective and descriptive study aimed to analyze the frequency of multidrug-resistant bacteria in cultures from patients admitted to a reference hospital in Piauí, Brazil, and their correlation with patient outcomes, including affected hospital sectors, clinical progression, and length of stay. Methods: Conducted in a reference tertiary hospital and through data analysis covering the period from January 2021 to December 2022, it highlights the prevalence and resistance mechanisms of bacterial species, with an emphasis on the KPC and NDM genes. Results: KPC was predominantly found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and K. pneumoniae, whereas NDM was mainly detected in K.pneumoniae and Serratia marcescens. Some species, particularly K. pneumoniae, exhibited dual resistance genes. The study revealed higher mortality rates when both KPC and NDM genes were present: 45.83% for KPC, 43.75% for NDM, and 65.71% for infections with both genes. It also explored hospital stay lengths, showing KPC infections averaged 58.9 days, NDM infections 69 days, and dual gene infections 49 days. Conclusion: This research provides critical insights into the challenges of antibiotic-resistant organisms in hospitals, underscoring the need for effective patient management and resource allocation strategies. To the best of our knowledge, this study uncovers the first documented cases of NDM gene infections in Piauí.

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Author Biographies

  • Ruana Stephany Macedo Santos, Universidade Federal do Piauí

    .

  • Eduardo Lima de Sousa, Federal University of Piauí, Center of Health Sciences

    .

  • Thallyta Maria Tavares Antunes, Hospital Universitário da Universidade Federal do Piauí

    .

  • Samara Belchior Gaído, Hospital Universitário da Universidade Federal do Piauí

    .

  • José Felipe Pinheiro do Nascimento Vieira, Hospital Universitário da Universidade Federal do Piauí

    .

  • Bruno Guedes Alcoforado Aguiar, Universidade Federal do Piauí

    .

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Published

2026-01-20

Issue

Vol. 15 No. 4 (2025)

Section

ORIGINAL ARTICLE

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Copyright (c) 2026 Ruana Stephany Macedo Santos, Eduardo Lima de Sousa, Thallyta Maria Tavares Antunes, Samara Belchior Gaído, José Felipe Pinheiro do Nascimento Vieira, Bruno Guedes Alcoforado Aguiar

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How to Cite

Stephany Macedo Santos, R. ., Lima de Sousa, E. ., Maria Tavares Antunes, T. ., Belchior Gaído, S. ., Pinheiro do Nascimento Vieira, J. F. ., & Guedes Alcoforado Aguiar, B. (2026). Retrospective study of the impact of KPC and NDM genes on multidrug-resistant infections: in a reference hospital in Piauí, Brazil. Revista De Epidemiologia E Controle De Infecção, 15(4). https://doi.org/10.17058/reci.v15i4.19939