Estudo retrospectivo do impacto dos genes KPC e NDM em infecções multirresistentes: em um hospital de referência no Piauí, Brasil.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17058/reci.v15i4.19939Palavras-chave:
Resistência a antibióticos, Genes de resistência, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Avaliação de Resultados em Cuidados de Saúde, Atenção à SaúdeResumo
Justificativa e Objetivos: As carbapenemases Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC) e metalo-beta-lactamase de Nova Delhi (NDM) conferem resistência a antibióticos de última linha, comprometendo o tratamento e agravando os desfechos clínicos. Este estudo retrospectivo e descritivo teve como objetivo analisar a frequência de bactérias multirresistentes em culturas de pacientes internados em um hospital de referência no Piauí, Brasil, e sua correlação com os desfechos dos pacientes, incluindo setores afetados, evolução clínica e tempo de internação. Métodos: Realizado em um hospital terciário de referência e por meio de análise de dados do período de janeiro de 2021 a dezembro de 2022, o estudo destaca a prevalência e os mecanismos de resistência das espécies bacterianas, com ênfase nos genes KPC e NDM. Resultados: O mecanismo de resistência KPC foi predominantemente encontrado em Pseudomonas aeruginosa e K.pneumoniae, enquanto o NDM foi identificado principalmente em K. pneumoniae e Serratia marcescens. Algumas espécies, particularmente K. pneumoniae, exibiram genes de resistência dupla. O estudo revelou taxas de mortalidade mais altas quando ambos os genes KPC e NDM estavam presentes: 45,83% para KPC, 43,75% para NDM e 65,71% para infecções com ambos os genes. A pesquisa também explorou a duração das internações hospitalares, mostrando que infecções por KPC tiveram uma média de 58,9 dias, infecções por NDM 69 dias e infecções com genes duplos 49 dias.Conclusão: Esta pesquisa fornece insights críticos sobre os desafios dos organismos resistentes a antibióticos em hospitais, sublinhando a necessidade de estratégias eficazes de gerenciamento de pacientes e alocação de recursos. Até onde sabemos, este estudo revela os primeiros casos documentados de infecções pelo gene NDM no Piauí.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Ruana Stephany Macedo Santos, Eduardo Lima de Sousa, Thallyta Maria Tavares Antunes, Samara Belchior Gaído, José Felipe Pinheiro do Nascimento Vieira, Bruno Guedes Alcoforado Aguiar
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