Candidiasis vulvovaginal: prevalencia y susceptibilidad antifúngica de especies aisladas en mujeres residentes en recôncavo baiano
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17058/reci.v15i3.20253Palabras clave:
Hongos, Vulvovaginitis, Antimicóticos, Prurito vulvar, ResistenciaResumen
Justificación y Objetivos: Candida albicans es la especie más comúnmente implicada en la candidiasis vulvovaginal, pero sus características adaptativas y de virulencia han contribuido al aumento de especies de levaduras no albicans. Mecanismos de resistencia han dificultado el tratamiento farmacológico. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la prevalencia de candidiasis vulvovaginal, sus agentes etiológicos y los perfiles de susceptibilidad antifúngica. Métodos: estudio observacional transversal onde participaron 358 mujeres residentes en el Recôncavo Baiano. Para identificar las especies aisladas se utilizaron pruebas moleculares y, para determinar el perfil de susceptibilidad antifúngica, pruebas antifúngicas. Se utilizó la prueba exacta de Fisher para calcular las asociaciones. Resultados: prevalencia de candidiasis vulvovaginal fue del 10,89 % (39/358). C. albicans fue la más prevalente (64%), seguida de un 12% (7/58) de Nakaseomyces glabratusy C. parapsilosis, un 7% (4/58) de C. tropicalis, un 3% (2/58) de Meyerozyma guilliermondii y un 2% (1/58) de Pichia kudriavzevii. Prurito y sangrado se asociaron a la candidiasis vulvovaginal causada por C. albicans. El itraconazol y el miconazol mostraron una mayor variabilidad en el perfil de sensibilidad. Se registró resistencia a itraconazol en N. glabratus. Conclusiones: Los resultados obtenidos indican que C. albicans sigue siendo la especie predominante en los casos de VVC y, junto con otras especies, puede presentar resistencia a los antifúngicos ensayados.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Cássia Vargas Lordêlo, Jakeline Souza Torres, Alexsandra dos Santos Campos, Manuela Fraga Fernandes e Silva, Dr. Ricardo David Couto, Dra. Tânia Fraga Barros
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