Prevalencia de notificaciones de tuberculosis en un hospital universitario entre 2010 y 2022
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17058/reci.v15i3.20110Palabras clave:
Tuberculosis, Perfil de Salud, Perdida de Seguimiento, Atención Terciaria de Salud, Vigilancia en Salud PúblicaResumen
Justificación y Objetivos: La tuberculosis sigue siendo un desafío significativo para la salud pública. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo describir el perfil sociodemográfico y clínico-epidemiológico de los casos de tuberculosis e identificar los factores asociados a la pérdida de seguimiento entre 2010 y 2022 en un hospital universitario de São Paulo-SP, Brasil. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal utilizando datos secundarios de notificaciones obligatorias de tuberculosis provenientes de un servicio de salud terciario en São Paulo. Se aplicaron estadísticas descriptivas y medidas de tendencia central. La regresión de Poisson con varianza robusta se utilizó para calcular las razones de prevalencia de la pérdida de seguimiento. Resultados: Durante el período de estudio, se notificaron 2.076 casos, de los cuales el 39% fueron detectados en servicios de urgencias o emergencias, y el 10,6% se clasificaron como pérdida de seguimiento. Una mayor prevalencia de interrupción del tratamiento se asoció con el desempleo, el diagnóstico en urgencias o durante la hospitalización, los casos en retratamiento, el consumo de alcohol y la serología positiva para el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana. Conclusión: Se notificaron muchos casos en el sector de urgencias y/o emergencias y la interrupción del tratamiento fue elevada. Este escenario refuerza la necesidad de abordar la tuberculosis de manera integral, prestando atención a los casos diagnosticados en la atención terciaria y que se encuentran en retratamiento.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Stephanie Ribeiro, Claudia Susana Pérez Guerrero, Suely Miyuki Yashiro, Nivia Aparecida Pissaia Sanches, Marina Doreto Castilho, Hugo Fernandes, Giselle Lima de Freitas, Meiry Fernanda Pinto Okuno, Paula Hino
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