PROGRAMA SUPERILHAS (2015 – 2024) E A CRISE HABITACIONAL EM BARCELONA.
UMA ABORDAGEM EM REDE DOS CONFLITOS DA PRODUÇÃO DO ESPAÇO
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17058/g6qvpe38Abstract
Barcelona has been implementing a policy of green axes and a network of public spaces and integrated ecological corridors, institutionalized by the Superilles Program (Superislands). The justification is that tactical and eco-environmental urbanism practices are urgent, given the consequences of climate change, the precariousness of environmental conditions, polluting emissions and the priority of the automobile as a means of urban transport. This set of improvements and policies coexists with an acute housing crisis and a sharp rise in real estate and rental prices, driving part of the population to neighborhoods far from the consolidated areas and other municipalities. This article discusses the need for integrated planning on a metropolitan scale to address the environmental impact and socio-spatial needs, and to jointly address the shortage of affordable housing policies, plans, and projects. The milestone of the Cerdà Plan (1855-1859), of expansion of the medieval city in order to make it modern, consists of one of the main urban and environmental antecedents of the city; However, the blocks designed by the plan, which should contain green and permeable public spaces, were over time taken over by constructions, imposing on the urban fabric of part of the city a rigidity and characteristics that contribute to the consolidated area not being able to grow. The limits imposed by the morphology of the plan are added to the current process of intensification of the value of land and real estate, as well as rents, which has been inducing peripheral growth and a growing displacement of population to regions farther from the center, amplifying the environmental liability and the need to plan this expansion.
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