Conversión de la vía antimicrobiana: barreras y facilitadores desde la perspectiva de enfermeras, farmacéuticos y médicos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17058/reci.v15i2.19994Palabras clave:
Programas de Optimización del Uso de los Antimicrobianos, Vías de Administración de Medicamentos, Farmacorresistencia Microbiana, Encuestas y CuestionariosResumen
Justificación y Objetivos: La transición de la vía antimicrobiana intravenosa a la oral es una intervención de fácil implementación, capaz de ahorrar recursos, tiempo del servicio de enfermería y contribuir al impacto de la resistencia a los antimicrobianos, sin embargo, no ocurre en el momento adecuado para los pacientes hospitalizados. Por tanto, el objetivo de este estudio es identificar las barreras y facilitadores de la transición de la ruta antimicrobiana desde la perspectiva de estos enfermeros, farmacéuticos y médicos. Métodos: Estudio de encuesta online, descriptivo y con abordaje cuantitativo, realizado en la ciudad de São Carlos, São Paulo, Brasil, con enfermeros, farmacéuticos y médicos clínicos que actúan en el ambiente hospitalario. La recopilación de datos se realizó mediante la puesta a disposición de un cuestionario en línea. El análisis descriptivo de los datos se realizó mediante tablas de frecuencia absoluta y relativa. Resultados: Respondieron al cuestionario 167 participantes, 79 (47,3%) farmacéuticos, 71 (42,5%) enfermeros y 17 (10,2%) médicos. Las principales barreras destacadas por los participantes fueron la falta de medicamentos con biodisponibilidad oral adecuada (76%), la falta de compromiso de los prescriptores (74%) y los medicamentos orales no disponibles en la institución (74%). Los facilitadores fueron la posibilidad de alta hospitalaria (85%), el servicio de control de infecciones hospitalarias que opera en la institución (82%) y el costo (81%). Conclusión: El presente estudio identificó las barreras y facilitadores que contribuyen al desarrollo de estrategias institucionales, dentro de los Programas de Optimización del Uso de los Antimicrobianos, permitiendo que la transición se lleve a cabo de manera oportuna y segura.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Tatiane Garcia do Carmo Flausino, Darlyani Mariano da Silva, Lívia Cristina Scalon da Costa Perinoti, Rosely Moralez de Figueiredo
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