Exposição ao HIV durante a gestação e o desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor infantil: uma revisão de escopo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17058/reci.v15i2.19615Palavras-chave:
HIV. Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida. Criança. Desenvolvimento Infantil.Resumo
Justificativa e Objetivos: Visando contribuir para a elucidação dos fatores envolvidos nas alterações do neurodesenvolvimento de crianças, infectadas ou não, filhas de mães soropositivas para o HIV, este trabalho mapeou a literatura existente sobre a influência da exposição ao HIV durante a gestação no desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor infantil. Método: Revisão de escopo registrada na plataforma Open Science Framework. Foi realizada uma busca eletrônica nas bases de dados Scielo, PubMed, Embase, Lilacs, Web of Science, CINAHL, BDTD e no repositório Open Gray com descritores relacionados ao desenvolvimento infantil e ao HIV. Também foi realizada uma análise da qualidade metodológica. Conclusão: Os estudos analisados demonstraram que a exposição ao HIV durante a gestação não é determinante para alterações no desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor, e sim a própria infecção pelo HIV em virtude da ação do vírus no sistema nervoso central. Entretanto, crianças expostas ao HIV durante a gestação, mas não infectadas, também podem apresentar alterações do desenvolvimento, associadas principalmente a fatores ambientais.
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