RELAÇÃO DA QUALIDADE DO SONO COM ASPECTOS PSICOLÓGICO EM ATLETAS UNIVERSITÁRIOS

Autores/as

• Julio Cesar Barbosa de Lima Pinto Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brasil.
• Micael Domingos de Medeiros Faculdade Terra Nordeste
• André Igor Fonteles Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Ceará – IFCE, Itapipoca, CE, Brasil

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17058/s446am49

Palabras clave:

Qualidade do sono, Humor, Estresse, Atletas

Resumen

Introdução: Sono insuficiente se associa a um baixo desempenho cognitivo, podendo impactar negativamente em aspectos psicológicos em atletas. Objetivo: avaliar a qualidade do sono e a sonolência em atletas universitários e a relação das variáveis de sono com o estado de humor e tolerância ao estresse. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo observacional, com delineamento transversal e natureza quantitativa. Participaram 66 atletas universitários de ambos os sexos de uma instituição de ensino superior pública. Foram coletadas informações sobre caracterização dos participantes e questionários para avaliar a qualidade do sono (índice da qualidade do sono de Pittsburgh - IQSP), sonolência (Escala de sonolência de Epworth), estado de humor (Escala de humor de Brunel) e tolerância ao estresse (Daily Analysis of Life Demands in Athletes). Resultados: 57% (n=38) apresentaram sono ruim, 18,2% (n=12) foram classificados com distúrbio e 36,4% apresentaram sonolência diurna excessiva. Houve correlações das variáveis de sono: IQSP, sonolência com o estado de humor e a tolerância ao estresse. Conclusão: Os estudantes atletas apresentam uma alta prevalência de má qualidade de sono, relação positiva da qualidade do sono com estado de humor e negativa com tolerância ao estresse. Os piores escores de humor e de estresse se relacionaram com as variáveis do sono.

Referencias

1. Hirshkowitz M, Whiton K, Albert SM, et al. National Sleep Foundation’s sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary. Sleep Health 2015;1(1):40–43. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleh.2014.12.010

2. Kroshus E, Wagner J, Wyrick D, et al. Wake up call for collegiate athlete sleep: narrative review and consensus recommendations from the NCAA Interassociation Task Force on Sleep and Wellness. Br J Sports Med 2019;53(12):731–736. doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/BJSPORTS-2019-100590

3. Grandner MA. Sleep, Health, and Society. Sleep Med Clin 2017;12(1):1–22. doi: 10.1016/J.JSMC.2016.10.012.

4. Bolin DJ. Sleep Deprivation and Its Contribution to Mood and Performance Deterioration in College Athletes. Curr Sports Med Rep 2019;18(8):305–310. doi: https://doi.org/10.1249/JSR.0000000000000621

5. Lee SY, Wuertz C, Rogers R, et al. Stress and sleep disturbances in female college students. Am J Health Behav 2013;37(6):851–858. doi: https://doi.org/10.5993/AJHB.37.6.14

6. Charest J, Grandner MA. Sleep and Athletic Performance: Impacts on Physical Performance, Mental Performance, Injury Risk and Recovery, and Mental Health: An Update. Sleep Med Clin 2022;17(2):263–282. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JSMC.2022.03.006

7. Benjamin CL, Curtis RM, Huggins RA, et al. Sleep Dysfunction and Mood in Collegiate Soccer Athletes. Sports Health: A Multidisciplinary Approach 2020;12(3):234–240. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/1941738120916735

8. Amaral AP, Soares MJ, Pinto AM, et al. Sleep difficulties in college students: The role of stress, affect and cognitive processes. Psychiatry Res 2018;260:331–337. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PSYCHRES.2017.11.072

9. Bertolazi AN, Fagondes SC, Hoff LS, et al. Validation of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Sleep Med 2011;12(1):70-75. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2010.04.020

10. Bertolazi AN, Fagondes SC, Hoff LS, et al. Portuguese-language version of the Epworth sleepiness scale: validation for use in Brazil. Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia 2009;35:877-883. doi: https://doi.org/10.1590/S1806-37132009000900009

11. Rohlfs IC, Terry PC, Rotta TM, et al. Development and initial validation of the Brazil Mood Scale. Proceedings of the 43rd Annual Australian Psychological Society Conference (APS 2008) 2008.

12. Moreira A, Cavazzoni PB. Monitorando o treinamento através do Wisconsin upper respiratory symptom survey -21 e daily analysis of life demands in athletes nas versões em língua Portuguesa. Revista da Educação Física/UEM 2009;20(1). doi: https://doi.org/10.4025/reveducfis.v20i1.5289

13. Freitas CG, Aoki MS, Franciscon CA, et al. Psychophysiological responses to overloading and tapering phases in elite young soccer players. Pediatr Exerc Sci 2014;26(2):195–202. doi: https://doi.org/10.1123/pes.2013-0094

14. Brauer AA, Athey AB, Ross MJ, et al. Sleep and Health Among Collegiate Student Athletes. Chest 2019;156(6):1234–1245. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CHEST.2019.08.1921

15. Mah CD, Kezirian EJ, Marcello BM, et al. Poor sleep quality and insufficient sleep of a collegiate student-athlete population. Sleep Health 2018;4(3):251–257. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SLEH.2018.02.005

16. Turner RW, Vissa K, Hall C, et al. Sleep problems are associated with academic performance in a national sample of collegiate athletes. J Am Coll Health 2021;69(1):74–81. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/07448481.2019.1655027

17. Wilkes JR, Walter AE, Chang AM, et al. Effects of sleep disturbance on functional and physiological outcomes in collegiate athletes: A scoping review. Sleep Med 2021;81:8–19. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SLEEP.2021.01.046

18. Carter JR, Gervais BM, Adomeit JL, et al. Subjective and objective sleep differ in male and female collegiate athletes. Sleep Health 2020;6(5):623–628. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SLEH.2020.01.016

19. Burke TM, Lisman PJ, Maguire K, et al. Examination of Sleep and Injury Among College Football Athletes. J Strength Cond Res 2020;34(3):609–616. doi: https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000003464

20. Araújo MFS, Lopes X de F de M, Azevedo CVM de, et al. Qualidade do sono e sonolência diurna em estudantes universitários: prevalência e associação com determinantes sociais. Rev Bras Educ Med 2021;45(2):e093. doi: https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-5271V45.2-20200182

21. Lund HG, Reider BD, Whiting AB, et al. Sleep patterns and predictors of disturbed sleep in a large population of college students. J Adolesc Health 2010;46(2):124–132. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JADOHEALTH.2009.06.016

22. Grandner MA, Hall C, Jaszewski A, et al. Mental Health in Student Athletes: Associations With Sleep Duration, Sleep Quality, Insomnia, Fatigue, and Sleep Apnea Symptoms. Athl Train Sports Health Care 2021;13(4):159–167. doi: https://doi.org/10.3928/19425864-20200521-01

23. Chellappa SL, Aeschbach D. Sleep and anxiety: From mechanisms to interventions. Sleep Med Rev 2022;61. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SMRV.2021.101583

24. Andrade A, Bevilacqua G, Casagrande P, et al. Sleep quality associated with mood in elite athletes. Phys Sportsmed 2019;47(3):312–317. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/00913847.2018.1553467

25. Barbosa de Lima Pinto JC, Barbosa Menezes TC, Fonteles AI, et al. Evaluation of sleep patterns during a preparatory season of female college athletes. Sleep Med 2024;115:S252. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SLEEP.2023.11.694

26. Brandt R, Bevilacqua GG, Andrade A. Perceived Sleep Quality, Mood States, and Their Relationship with Performance among Brazilian Elite Athletes during a Competitive Period. J Strength Cond Res 2017;31(4):1033–1039. doi: https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000001551

27. Watson AM. Sleep and Athletic Performance. Curr Sports Med Rep 2017;16(6):413–418. doi: https://doi.org/10.1249/JSR.0000000000000418

28. Paludo AC, Paravlic A, Dvořáková K, et al. The Effect of Menstrual Cycle on Perceptual Responses in Athletes: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis. Front Psychol 2022;13. doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/FPSYG.2022.926854